FORMATION OF THE FOLK TRADITION OF GUSAN ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TALE “ASHIK-KERIB” BY M. LERMONTOV

Abstract

Storytellers have always played a crucial role in the transmission of folk and oral literature, typically categorized into two main groups. The first group consists of ordinary individuals who share folk tales and songs across generations without any specialized skills. In contrast, the second group comprises educated and religious members of society, who must excel in oratory, mastering the art of dance, playing national string or wind instruments, and musical improvisation. These storytellers skillfully blend poetry and prose, demonstrating an acute awareness of vocal tone modulation, all while possessing an impressive memory. Their repertoire often includes myths and tales about heroes, wars, and love. This study focuses on the fairy tale “Ashik-Kerib” by M. Yu. Lermontov, exemplifying the literary richness of the peoples inhabiting the Caucasus region. “Ashik-Kerib,” an Azerbaijani legend, is intricately linked to the Iranian narrative “Mah and Mehr,” which draws from astrological teachings and reflects beliefs in fate and Sufism. Through this examination, we highlight how “Ashik-Kerib” serves as a vibrant representation of the folk tradition of gusan, illustrating the deep cultural connections and storytelling practices that shape the oral heritage of the region. This work ultimately underscores the importance of these narratives in preserving cultural identity and fostering a sense of community among diverse populations.