PROBLEMS OF RUSSIAN WORD FORMATION IN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE CLASSES IN NON-RUSSIAN AUDIENCES

Abstract

We reflect the similarities of objects and phenomena of life around us in language, in the similarity of words in their sound appearance and meaning. Words, like language in general, evolve. The development of words is manifested in a change in the meaning of the word and in a change in the division of the word into parts. The designation of certain newly emerging concepts about individual particular phenomena in objective reality in language is subsumed under certain, already existing samples-models; thus, specific phenomena are constantly elevated to the level of structural and grammatical generalizations. In the course of improving the system of word formation in a language, a whole system of word-formation elements is developed, with the help of which the concept contained in the generating bases receives a different light. Thus, the suffixes -щик (-чик), -ец, -ист connecting with the basics of certain semantics, give the latter the meaning of a masculine person (угольщик, переводчик, борец), the suffixes -ние (-нье), -тие (-тье) and others give the productive bases the meaning of abstract action (усвоение, плаванье, открытие и др.). In combination with any base, any word-forming suffix modifies its lexical grammatical meaning, as a result of which a new word is born, which, while maintaining a semantic connection with its base, adjoins the grammatical category that is characteristic of a particular lexical-grammatical category of words. The formation of new words according to one or another word-formation type is subject to the laws of combination of morphemes, determined by the grammatical structure of the Russian language. The study of ways of forming new words and determining the productivity of individual morphological types in the Russian literary language is of significant interest, since this will allow us to establish the presence of some trends in the field of modern Russian word formation, and will also provide the necessary material for a higher school teacher when studying the development of Russian vocabulary. The vocabulary of the Russian language has been replenished and enriched with a significant number of new formations, some of which were only relatively new; they may have been encountered for a long time in special areas of the language and only then came into general use. The Russian language of each period reflects the nature of the social life of the era, the spirit of the times and history. New words arise according to certain patterns - models that are most appropriate to consider in the circle of parts of speech.