REPRESENTATION OF THE PHENOMENON OF CHILDHOOD IN THE «PEDAGOGICAL POEM» BY A. MAKARENKO

Abstract

The article analyzes the phenomenon of childhood in A. Makarenko's "Pedagogical Poem". The comparative-historical method was used, as well as the method of holistic analysis of the artwork. It is established that, firstly, the theme of childhood is represented through the motifs of loneliness, poverty, hunger, wandering. Secondly, ideas about the new ideal world created after the revolution, where everyone finds his place, embodies the image of the house-commune. The commune house becomes a kind of emblem of socialist realist culture and utopian type of consciousness. On the other hand, the fate of the lost house-nest and its inhabitants are considered by the writer at a historical turning point and symbolize the destruction of the usual way of life, way of life. The consequences of the loss of home are social and metaphysical orphanhood, hopelessness, characteristic of the homeless heroes, who in the process of upbringing find themselves and their place in the world.