Issledovatel'skiy Zhurnal Russkogo Yazyka I Literatury

THE MOTIVE OF THINKING IN E. BORATYNSKY'S POETRY: ON THE PROBLEM OF THE POET'S WORLDVIEW

Tatiana Koshemchuk — 2024-09-02

For the first time in the article, in the line of motivic analysis of Russian lyrics, the motive of thinking in Boratynsky's poetry is highlighted and investigated. It is thematically manifested in the lexemes "mind" and "thought", forming a special line in the poet's work – a kind of phenomenology of thought. In Pushkin and Lermontov’s poetry this motive is found in fragments of poems, in some Boratynsky's poems thinking is the central object of poetic reflection. These poems receive a new interpretation in the article. It is shown that Boratynsky's thoughts are characterized by striving beyond the limits of rationality, beyond the earthly. At the same time, the tragic notes are due to the unattainability of the desired knowledge of the spiritual world – with an organic proximity to this area of being; this intention of the poet takes away its value from life, cooling the soul to everything earthly. The poet's doom to mental aspirations that are never fully achieved is the source of the pain of being. This is due not only to the spiritual originality of the poet's personality, but also to the general processes in the history of self-awareness reflected in Russian poetry.

RUSSIAN LANGUAGE IN THE DIGITAL SPACE OF KYRGYZSTAN

Mamed Tagaev — 2024-09-02

The article examines the role and place of local and world languages in the digital development of Kyrgyzstan, with a significant focus on the interaction between the Kyrgyz and Russian languages in promoting digital technologies within the social environment. The authors suggest that, in the era of digitalization, the most promising approach to introducing high technologies into priority sectors of Kyrgyzstan's socio-economic and scientific-educational spheres is through the Russian language. Consequently, analyzing the position and role of the Russian language in the digital space of modern Kyrgyzstan emerges as a pressing issue. The article provides an overview of various digital technologies being implemented in Kyrgyzstan and analyzes the features of using both Russian and Kyrgyz languages within these technologies. It notes that the Russian language maintains a stable position in Kyrgyzstan's digital landscape, serving as a support and launching pad for integrating digital technologies into local languages. Using sociolinguistic survey methods, the authors analyze citizens' language preferences to access global digital resources and address everyday challenges.

IMPLEMENTATION OF SYNONYMIC POSSIBILITIES OF SOUNDING VERBS (BASED ON M. BULGAKOV’S STORY «FATAL EGGS» AND «HEART OF A DOG»)

Mariana Balasanian — 2024-09-02

This article makes an attempt to find and classify the predicates with which M. Bulgakov endows his characters, which is one of the methods of semiotic analysis of a literary text. It is believed that analysis of the synonymous potential of the language of M. Bulgakov’s stories, at least using the example of sound verbs, can help in interpreting the text as a whole. The stories we are considering, “Heart of a Dog” and “The Fatal Eggs,” are satirical, extremely action-packed. Therefore, they are of interest for the semiotic study of text, since the text, according to semiotics, is studied as language in action. The work analyzes 53 verbs. The empirical basis of the factual material used in the work was a selection of verbs with a lexical-semantic sound variant from the main lexicographic sources. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the approach to solving the problem and is due to the lack of special works on synonymy (except for the work of Y. S. Stepanov), in particular, verbal synonymy, from the standpoint of semiotics.

RUSSIAN INFINITIVE POETRY: LEXICAL-SYNTAX ASPECT

Olga Grekova — 2024-09-02

This paper deals with the phenomenon of Russian Infinitive Poetry, which is characterized by verses that utilize infinitive sentences as their textual base. It reveals the lexical-syntax and linguistic stylistic peculiarities of this poetic form. A comprehensive lexical-syntax and linguistic stylistic analysis of Russian verse from different periods has been conducted. Although infinitive poetry has been studied, a complex analysis of this kind has not been previously undertaken. The correlation between infinitive and nominative sentences, as well as the lexical-syntax and functional peculiarities of infinitive sentences (including those with independent infinitives), is examined in the context of poetic discourse compared to prose. This analysis highlights syntax breaks and the disjunction of poetic context. Additionally, it explores action and state subject links, evidence categories, modality, and appreciation within these sentences, along with the syntactic foundation for the sound of infinitive poetry. The paper also presents semantic classes of verbal predicates in infinitive sentences. It addresses the versatile interpretation of the category of infinitive sentences and their pragmatic features, appealing to a broad audience of Russian language researchers. The material aims to enhance international students' understanding of infinitive sentences and raise awareness of the characteristics of Russian poetry, contributing to their linguistic and cultural competence. The research findings can be integrated into Russian literature courses.

ABOUT CERTIFICATION TESTING OF RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN IRAN: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

Saeedeh Dastamooz — 2024-09-02

This research analyzes data from Russian language test software and includes a survey conducted among participants of these certification tests in Iran. The primary aim of our study is to identify the challenges faced by applicants taking these tests. Over the course of one year, 45 A2-level tests were administered at Alzahra University, with a total of 551 individuals participating. Our findings indicate that the highest scores were achieved in reading skills, while grammar and vocabulary consistently yielded the lowest results. A significant portion of the participants were aspiring students aiming to pursue medical studies in Russia. Many of these candidates had previously enrolled in pre-university Russian language courses at various universities in Russia. The onset of the Corona pandemic necessitated a shift to virtual learning environments for these language courses, which has had a profound impact on the quality of education received. Consequently, the transition to online instruction has been linked to the notably poor performance in grammar and vocabulary sections of the tests. This study highlights the urgent need for improved instructional methods and resources tailored to enhance the proficiency of learners in these critical areas. By addressing these challenges, we can better equip future candidates for success in their language certification endeavors and improve their overall language competency. Our research not only sheds light on current issues but also offers insights into potential solutions and prospects for advancing Russian language education in Iran.

SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE DISCOURSE OF MAGAZINES FOR WOMEN AND MEN

Viktorija Makarova — 2024-09-02

Glossy magazines typically cater to one gender or the other, conveying specific information about the roles of men and women in society. Our interest lies in uncovering insights about modern Russian society through the study of these magazines. While the discourse of women's and men's magazines has been previously analyzed in Russian scholarship, our study offers a unique perspective. First, we equally focused on both women's and men's magazines. Second, we employed a cognitive linguistics methodology to explore the cognitive structures underlying text generation. The purpose of this study was to identify the linguistic features that represent gender stereotypes. We analyzed 150 headlines from Russian men's and women's online magazines published in 2023. Our research procedure involved determining the relevance of specific topics, followed by a lexical-grammatical analysis of each headline. Finally, we conducted a contextual analysis to examine the sociocultural context in which these texts were generated. Our findings reveal that publications aimed at women are more focused on themes of appearance and beauty, while men's publications emphasize self-development and acquiring new knowledge. Men's magazines tend to use more technical vocabulary and professional terms, with headlines that are straightforward and informative. In contrast, women's headlines are often more descriptive and emotionally charged. Notably, we observed both the reinforcement of existing gender stereotypes and their deconstruction; for instance, men are no longer expected to be cold-blooded and restrained, while articles about careers and the latest technologies appear more frequently in women's publications.

TEACHING WORD-COMBINATION OF RUSSIAN LANGUAGE IN IRANIAN UNIVERSITIES AT THE UNDERGRADUATE LEVEL

Mohammad Reza Mohammadi — 2024-09-02

This paper focuses on the teaching of word combinations in the Russian language to Iranian undergraduate students. Word combinations are a crucial aspect of syntax, significantly impacting effective communication in Russian. Mastery of correct word combinations enables students to construct coherent sentences and, subsequently, comprehensive texts. However, in the context of teaching Russian in Iran, there is often inadequate emphasis on this vital component; word combinations typically occupy only a minor portion of the curriculum. To address this gap, we propose defining and presenting a minimum content framework specifically tailored for Iranian learners. The primary objective is to analyze the types of subordination within word combinations that are most relevant for these students. Furthermore, we offer practical recommendations aimed at enhancing the teaching and learning process of word combinations in Iranian universities. By prioritizing this area, we hope to improve students' overall proficiency in Russian and facilitate their ability to communicate more effectively in both academic and everyday contexts.

THE PROBLEM OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF ART TO REALITY IN THE WORK OF I.F. ANNENSKY

Ulyana Novikova — 2024-09-02

This article explores the complex relationship between art and reality in the works of I.F. Annensky, a poet whose oeuvre has elicited varied interpretations over the years. The late 19th century, particularly the last three decades, is characterized by an inner contradiction: a profound disillusionment with populism and a loss of life's coherence (often termed the "philosophy of pessimism"), juxtaposed with a relentless quest for the ideal and new meanings of existence. The article highlights a growing trend towards historicism in thought, evident in Annensky's work, which reflects a return to the experiences of past centuries. His literary and civic stances were often perplexing to contemporaries, and even today, scholarly opinions remain divided. While Annensky's early lyrics resonate with Symbolism and modernist trends, this study reveals a deep-seated desire to engage with and comprehend reality. The authors conclude that Annensky's artistic vision emerged from a confluence of complementary yet sometimes conflicting influences, with a persistent focus on the representation of reality at its core.

FORMATION OF THE FOLK TRADITION OF GUSAN ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TALE “ASHIK-KERIB” BY M. LERMONTOV

Maryam Shafaghi — 2024-09-02

Storytellers have always played a crucial role in the transmission of folk and oral literature, typically categorized into two main groups. The first group consists of ordinary individuals who share folk tales and songs across generations without any specialized skills. In contrast, the second group comprises educated and religious members of society, who must excel in oratory, mastering the art of dance, playing national string or wind instruments, and musical improvisation. These storytellers skillfully blend poetry and prose, demonstrating an acute awareness of vocal tone modulation, all while possessing an impressive memory. Their repertoire often includes myths and tales about heroes, wars, and love. This study focuses on the fairy tale “Ashik-Kerib” by M. Yu. Lermontov, exemplifying the literary richness of the peoples inhabiting the Caucasus region. “Ashik-Kerib,” an Azerbaijani legend, is intricately linked to the Iranian narrative “Mah and Mehr,” which draws from astrological teachings and reflects beliefs in fate and Sufism. Through this examination, we highlight how “Ashik-Kerib” serves as a vibrant representation of the folk tradition of gusan, illustrating the deep cultural connections and storytelling practices that shape the oral heritage of the region. This work ultimately underscores the importance of these narratives in preserving cultural identity and fostering a sense of community among diverse populations.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PRONUNCIATION OF SOUND [Ы] IN RUSSIAN WHEN TEACHING IRANIAN STUDENTS

Mohammad Jamalzad — 2024-09-02

This study investigates the pronunciation of the Russian sound [Ы] among Iranian students, comparing their articulation to standard Russian pronunciation. It identifies specific challenges faced by these learners and proposes targeted exercises aimed at improving their accent. Given the lack of a natural language immersion environment, it is essential to explore effective methods for enhancing language skills. The influence of students' native language can either facilitate or impede the acquisition of a second language. Findings from this research reveal that while attaining native-like pronunciation poses significant challenges, dedicated practice can enable students to approximate the pronunciation of native Russian speakers. This capability is vital for achieving the primary objective of language learning: effective communication. The article provides a detailed examination of the duration, intensity, and formants (F1 and F2) of the target sound, facilitating the identification of atypical tongue movements and lip configurations. Through this analysis, the study contributes to a deeper understanding of pronunciation challenges in second language acquisition, particularly in the context of Iranian learners studying Russian.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: APPLICATION AND IMPACT ON FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING

Vajihe Rezvani — 2024-09-02

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an important and widely discussed topic in various fields such as medicine, transportation, education, business and media. The application of AI is constantly expanding as new phenomena based on these technologies emerge. The purpose of this article is to introduce the application of AI in foreign language teaching by studying programs developed with the help of AI and analyzing various literature and scientific articles on the impact of AI on foreign language teaching. The hypothesis of this article is based on facilitating language learning at different stages. The programs reviewed strengthen the four language learning skills of reading, writing, speaking and comprehension in a variety of ways individually and collectively. During the review, based on descriptive and analytical studies, it was revealed in conclusion that the use of artificial intelligence has led to enormous changes in the language teaching process and has facilitated learning, but its shortcomings should not be ignored. It needs to be considered as a teaching tool because the constant use of artificial intelligence will deprive students of the ability to think independently and will hinder their creativity and innovation.

EVENT MODEL BASED ON THE ETHNOCULTURAL COMPONENT AS THE BASIS FOR SOCIOCULTURAL DESIGN

Aigerim Ernisova — 2024-09-02

The article examines the event model of the project “Ambassadors of Russian Culture in Kyrgyzstan” in the context of the problem of designing a cultural environment for the successful socialization of teenagers in Kyrgyzstan in the intercultural space of dialogue of cultures. The rationale for the sociocultural approach in the study with the aim of enculturating adolescents into another culture is given, and a description of teaching and educational practices is provided that allow building an individual educational route. The necessity of constructing a model using event technology based on the methods of linguoculturology is substantiated. The project “Ambassadors of Russian Culture in Kyrgyzstan”, financed by the Russkiy Mir Foundation, was implemented from July to November 2023. As part of the project, a training program was drawn up and a teaching manual was published for student volunteers and teacher-curators from all regions of Kyrgyzstan. The project allowed the children to immerse themselves in the Russian language and culture and at the same time appreciate the advantages of their native language (Kyrgyz), which functions harmoniously with the Russian language in Kyrgyzstan.